Cefpodoxime Proxetil

Cefpodoxime proxetil is a cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Cefpodoxime proxetil is indicated for the treatment of patients with mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below. Recommended dosages, durations of therapy, and applicable patient populations vary among these infections. Cefpodoxime proxetil is a new oral esterified cephem antibiotic with a broad antibacterial spectrum. The dissolution of cefpodoxime proxetil is pH dependent.

Cefpodoxime exhibits potent, broad-spectrum activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria [including antistaphylococcal activity]. It is highly stable in the presence of b-lactamase enzymes. As a result, many organisms, which produce b-lactamase and are therefore resistant to penicillin and some cephalosporins, may be susceptible to cefpodoxime. Cefpodoxime is indicated for the treatment of patients infected with susceptible strains of micro-organisms which include a wide range of gram-positive & gram-negative bacteria. As it is highly stable in presence of b-lactamase enzyme, so it is more effective against gram-positive bacteria than other 3rd generation oral Cephalosporins. The susceptible organisms include gram-positive bacteria eg. S. aureus (including penicillinase producing strains), S. saprophyticus, S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, P. magnus and gram-negative bacteria eg. E. coli, K. pneumoniae, H. influenzae (including b-lactamase producer & Ampicillin resistant strains), M. catarrhalis, N. gonorrhoeae (including penicillinase producing strains), P. mirabillis, C. diversus, H. parainfluenzae, K. oxytoca, P. vulgaris, P. rettgeri.

Cefpodoxime is a semisynthethic oral third generation cephalosporin. It has a broad spectrum of activity, efficacy and safety profile which makes it ideal for treatment of many community acquired infections in the era of increasing drug resistance. Deciding whether a antibiotic is necessary, when to begin therapy and selecting an optimal drug is a everyday challenge in clinical practice. Since 1989 oral third generation cephalosporins that have been introduced in the market are cefpodoxime, cefixime, cefdinir, and cefprozil. In vitro susceptibility testing which determines the minimum concentration necessary for a particular antibiotic to inhibit or kill most strains of bacterial species and pharmacodynamic modeling are useful but have limitations. Antibiotics with lower side effect profile, infrequent dosing, good palatability in suspension and short duration of treatment may lead to better outcomes. Cefpodoxime fulfills most of these criteria.

Cefpodoxime is bactericidal and acts by inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It passes through porin channels in the bacterial cell wall and binds to the penicillin binding proteins (PBP) in the cell membrane. This leads to reduced synthesis of peptidoglycans and results in damage to cell wall.

Molecular formula: C21H27N5O9S2
Molecular weight: 557.61
Chemical name: (R, S) - 1 - (Isopropoxycarbonyloxy) ethyl (+) - (6R, 7R) - 7 - [2 - (2 - amino - 4 - thiazolyl) - 2 - ( (Z) - methoxyimino) acetamido] - 3 - methoxymethyl - 8 - oxo - 5 - thia - 1 - azabicyclo [4.2.0] oct - 2 - ene - 2 - carboxylate
CAS Registry Number: 87239-81-4

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